The responsibility for approving and granting trademark registration typically lies with the national intellectual property office or trademark office in each country. These governmental or quasi-governmental agencies review applications, ensure compliance with legal requirements, and ultimately grant trademark status. Examples include the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in the U.S., the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) in the EU, and similar entities in other countries and regions. For international trademarks, systems like the Madrid Protocol allow for centralized filing and management, but the approval still depends on each jurisdiction's respective office.
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